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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Whatu hina kua oti te whakaoti
Kei roto i te karāhe karāhe o te karāhe e huri-tae ana te nui o te hiriwa pūhaumāota, te kaiwhakaoho me te parahi. I raro i te āhua o te mārama ngaru poto, ka taea te wehewehe hei ngota hiriwa me ngā ngota chlorine. Kāore he tae o ngā ngota chlorine, ā, he tae ngā ngota hiriwa. Ka taea e te kukū o ngā ngota hiriwa te hanga i tētahi āhua colloidal, koinei te mea e kitea ana e tātou he rerekētanga o te karāhe. Ka kaha ake te hihi o te rā, ka nui ake ngā ngota hiriwa e wehea ana, ka pōuri ake te karāhe. Ka ngoikore ake te hihi o te rā, ka iti ake ngā ngota hiriwa e wehea ana, ka mārama ake te karāhe. Kāore he hihi tika o te rā i roto i te rūma, nō reira ka kore he tae o ngā karāhe.
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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Whatu Kirihou Whakamua, Tapahi Kahurangi, Kirihou
He matū te kapia, he hanganga phenolic tōna. He māmā te karāhe kapia, he ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, he ātete ki te pānga, kāore e pakaru, kāore hoki he taha, he kokonga rānei o te kapia, he haumaru, ā, ka taea te ārai i ngā hihi ultraviolet, ko te karāhe kapia tētahi o ngā momo karāhe tino pai mō te hunga e titiro pōuri ana i ēnei rā.
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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Whatu Kiriata Whakamua, Kua Oti Āhua-Haurua
He teitei ake te taupū whakaata o te arotahi, he angiangi ake ngā arotahi, he nui ake te mātotoru, he pai ake te pakeke. I te rerekē, he iti ake te taupū whakaata, he matotoru ake te arotahi, he iti ake te mātotoru, he ngoikore hoki te pakeke. He nui te pakeke o te karāhe whānui, nō reira ko te taupū whakaata he 1.7 te nuinga, ā, he ngoikore ake te pakeke o te kiriata kapia, he iti noa iho te taupū whakaata. Ko te wahi kapia kei te mākete i tēnei wā ko te taupū whakaata tino noa o te 1.499 pea. He pai ake te putanga tino angiangi, he 1.56 te taupū whakaata, ā, koinei hoki te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana.
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1.56 Ngā karaihe whatu porowhita kikorangi kua oti te whakaoti
He poto ngā awa me ngā awa roa o ngā mōhiti arotahi maha. He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te awa. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakaarohia tuatahitia te whiriwhiri i te awa poto, nā te mea ka nui ake te tirohanga o te awa poto, e rite ana ki te āhua noho o te hunga e titiro pinepine ana ki ā rātou waea pūkoro. He nui te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā kanohi, he iti te kaha hurihuri o ngā kanohi o te tangata, he pai hoki mō ngā awa poto. Mena kei te mau te kaihoko i te maha-arotahi mō te wā tuatahi, he tawhiti waenga te tono, ā, he teitei te Tāpiri, kātahi ka taea te whakaaro ki te awa roa.
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1.56 Ngā karāhe whatu whakaahua hina-rua-oti, tapa kikorangi-rua-arotahi
I raro i te rā, ka pōuri haere te tae o te karu arotahi, ā, ka heke te kaha o te mārama ina whitia e te hihi ultraviolet me te mārama poto-ngaru. I roto i te karu arotahi o roto, o te pōuri rānei, ka piki ake te kaha o te mārama, ka hoki ki te kanapa. Ka aunoa te whakaahua-kromo o ngā karu arotahi, ā, ka taea te whakahuri. Ka taea e ngā mōhiti huri-tae te whakarite i te kaha o te mārama mā te huri i te tae o te karu arotahi, kia taea ai e te kanohi tangata te urutau ki ngā huringa o te mārama o te taiao, te whakaiti i te ngenge o te tirohanga, me te tiaki i ngā kanohi.
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1.56 Ngā karaihe whatu hina-rua kua oti te whakaoti
I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā mōhiti kanohi e whakarerekē ana i te tae, ehara i te mea ka taea anake te kawe mai i te whakamarie me te ataahua, engari ka taea hoki te ātete i te hihi ultraviolet me te kanapa, ka taea te tiaki i ngā kanohi, ko te take o te whakarerekētanga tae ko te mea i te wā e hangaia ana te karāhe, ka konatunatua ki ngā matū e aro ana ki te mārama, pērā i te hiriwa chloride, te hiriwa halide (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te hiriwa halide), me te iti o te whakakorikori waikura parahi. Ina whiti te hiriwa halide e te mārama kaha, ka pirau te mārama, ka huri hei maha o ngā matūriki hiriwa pango e horapa ana i roto i te karāhe. Nō reira, ka ahua pōuri te karāhe, ka aukati i te haere o te mārama. I tēnei wā, ka huri te tae o te karāhe, ka taea te aukati i te mārama kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te tiaki i ngā kanohi.
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1.56 Ngā arotahi whatu kikorangi kua oti te tapahi ā-rua
Ko ngā karāhe arotahi-rua, ko ngā karāhe arotahi-rua rānei, he karāhe kei roto ngā wāhi whakatikatika e rua i te wā kotahi, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana hei whakatika i te presbyopia. Ko te wāhi tawhiti i whakatikatikaina e te karāhe arotahi-rua ka kiia ko te wāhi tawhiti, ā, ko te wāhi tata ka kiia ko te wāhi tata me te wāhi pānui. I te nuinga o te wā, he nui te rohe tawhiti, nō reira ka kiia hoki ko te kiriata matua, ā, he iti te rohe tata, nō reira ka kiia ko te kiriata-iti.
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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Whatu Kirihou, Tapahi Kahurangi, Haurua-Oti
Ka pōuriuri ngā karaihe e huri ana te tae ina whiti te rā. Ina memeha te māramatanga, ka tiaho anō. Ka taea tēnei nā te mea kei te mahi ngā tioata hiriwa halide.
I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, ka noho mārama tonu ngā karāhe. Ina pāngia e te rā, ka wehea te hiriwa i roto i te karaihe, ā, ka hangaia e te hiriwa kore utu he puranga iti i roto i te karaihe. He puranga koretake ēnei puranga hiriwa iti, he puranga honohono e kore e taea te tuku mārama engari ka mimiti, ka whakapouri i te karaihe. Ina iti te mārama, ka huri te karaihe, ā, ka hoki te karaihe ki tōna āhua kanapa.
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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Tirohanga Kotahi Kua Oti Āhua-Haunga
Ko ngā karāhe o ngā mōhiti kāore anō kia oti te whakapaipai ka tatari kia tukatukahia. He rerekē ngā karāhe o ia anga, me whakakanapa, me whakatikatika hoki i mua i te whakaurunga ki roto i te anga.
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1.56 Ngā Arotahi Whatu Tirohanga Kotahi Tapahi Kahurangi Kua Oti Āhua-Haunga
I te nuinga o te wā, e ono ngā momo taupū whakaata o ngā karāhe kapia: 1.50, 1.56, 1.60, 1.67, 1.71 me te 1.74. Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki tētahi taupū whakaata teitei ake, ko ngā karāhe karaihe anake hei whiriwhiri māu, arā, ko te 1.80 me te 1.90. Heoi anō, kāore i te tino whakamahia ngā karāhe karaihe i ēnei rā, ahakoa he iti ake ngā taupū whakaata o ngā pepa karāhe, pērā i te 1.60 me te 1.71.
