Kāore te optometry i te ōrite ki te whakahaunga whakaata
He tokomaha te hunga e whakapono ana ko te optometry he "whakamātautau noa i te nui o te tirohanga tata" ā, ina whiwhi rātou i tēnei hua, ka taea e rātou te haere tonu me te tāuta mōhiti. Heoi, ko te whakahaunga optometry he "hua ine" noa iho i te āhua o te tirohanga o ngā kanohi o te tangata, ā, kāore pea i te tino pai te whakahaunga mō ngā mōhiti. He wāhanga nui o te tukanga katoa te optometry me te tāuta mōhiti, ā, ki te whakahaerehia motuhaketia, ka ara ake pea ngā raruraru.
He mahi hangarau te whiriwhiri i te anga mō ngā mōhiti.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te "uara ataahua" anake e whakaarohia ana e ngā kaihoko i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā anga mōhiti. Mēnā he mea whakapaipai noa iho ngā anga mōhiti pērā i te kākahu, he mea mārama noa iho. Heoi anō, ko te kawenga hoki o ngā anga mōhiti ko te whakatika i ngā hapa tirohanga. Nō reira, hei tāpiri atu ki te ataahua, me whai whakaaro kia toru ngā āhuatanga:
1. Te rahi o te anga
Ko ētahi he taringa kei mua, ko ētahi he taringa kei muri. Ka rerekē te roa o ngā ringaringa (ngā rae) o ngā mōhiti kanohi. Mena he roa rawa, he poto rawa rānei ngā rae, ka pā ki te piko o ngā mōhiti kanohi me te tawhiti o te tihi. Ahakoa e whakarato ana te nuinga o ngā paetukutuku hokohoko ipurangi i ngā rahi o ngā mōhiti kanohi, he uaua ki te whiriwhiri i tētahi anga e tika ana te uru me te kore e whakamātau i te kanohi.
2. Tohutohu mō te tāutanga mōhiti
He hononga tata te whakaritenga o te ine kanohi me te whiriwhiri i ngā anga mōhiti. Hei tauira, mō te hunga he nui ngā hapa whakaata, ki te whiriwhiria e rātou ngā anga nui, ehara i te mea ka matotoru, ka taumaha hoki ngā karāhe, engari ka uaua hoki te whakarite i te pokapū whatu o ngā karāhe ki te pokapū o ngā kamo. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā āhuatanga uaua ka pa atu ngā kamo ki ngā karāhe ina kimo.
3. Whakamahia te wāhi me te kaupapa
He rerekē te kōwhiringa o ngā anga i runga i ngā hiahia rerekē. Mō te hunga e mahi ana i ngā mahi ā-tinana auau, e taunakihia ana ngā anga me ngā pupuri taha o roto me ngā ringa piko o te temepara kia piri ai te uru. Mō te hunga e mahi ana i te tēpu mō ngā wā roa, he pai ngā anga me ngā papa ihu ārai-paheke me ngā awhi arotahi teitei ake. I te wā e taraiwa ana, he pai ake ngā anga he whānui ake te tirohanga taha, ā, ka taea e ngā anga whaiti te whakarato i te tirohanga taha pai rawa atu.
Me whai whakaaro te tohunga kanohi ki ēnei āhuatanga katoa. Ko te pai o ngā anga huatau ka taea anake te whakatau mā te whakamahinga tuturu, kia rite ai ngā tawhā.
Ngā raruraru e puta mai ana i ngā tawhā kāore i te ōrite
Ki te kore e whakamātauria, e inehia rānei ngā raraunga taunga tuturu o ngā anga nunui rawa, ka raru pea ngā rerekētanga o te tawhiti o ngā karu (PD). Mā te mau roa i ngā mōhiti he PD hē ka hua ake he pānga prism, ka ngenge te kanohi, ka tere ake te whanaketanga o te myopia.
Ko te tawhiti o te karu (PD) te tawhiti i waenga i ngā karu o ngā kanohi. Ina whakaurua he mōhiti, e rua ngā momo inenga PD: te tawhiti PD me te tata PD. Ko te tawhiti PD e pā ana ki te inenga i mahia ina arotahi te tangata ki tētahi ūnga tawhiti (arā, te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pokapū o ngā karu ina titiro tika ana ngā kanohi e rua ki te tawhiti). Ko te tata PD (NCD) te inenga o te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pokapū o ngā karu ina mahi tata ana.
He mea nui anō hoki kia whakaarohia te teitei o ngā karu mō ngā mōhiti nunui rawa. He mea tika kia mōhiotia kāore pea te teitei o ngā karu o ngā kanohi e rua e ōrite te teitei. Ka whakamahia e ngā tohunga tirohanga mātau te tikanga whakaata o te kornea hei whakatau i te tūnga teitei tika o ngā karu. He tino tairongo te ātete i te ahunga poutū mō ngā kanohi tangata. Mena kāore te teitei pokapū tirohanga o ngā karu i hangaia pai e ōrite ki te teitei o ngā karu, ka hua ake he pānga porohita, ā, ka arahi ki te ngenge o te kanohi.
Te Tika o te Mata
01Nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te taiao o te ine kanohi me te roa o te mau i ngā karāhe whakamātautau, tera pea ka rerekē ngā hua o te ine kanohi. Hei tauira, tera pea he rerekētanga i waenga i te ine kanohi i mahia i te ata me te ine kanohi i te ahiahi. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te whakahaunga i te ahiahi ka paku teitei ake i te ata nā te ngenge o te tirohanga i te roanga o te rā. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi whare ine kanohi, he mea nui kia whiriwhiria he whare ngaio me te whai ingoa pai kia tika ake ai, kia pono ake ai hoki ngā hua o te ine kanohi.
02Ka rerekē pea te tika o te whakahaunga mō ia kanohi. I te wā o te tukanga optometry, ka taea te whakamahi i te optometry rorohiko hei tohutoro, engari kaua rawa e kiia koinei te whakahaunga whakamutunga mō ngā mōhiti. Me uiui te tākuta kanohi mō te whakamarie o te kaimau, me te manatoko tonu me te whakatikatika i te kaha porowhita (tiro tata, tiro tawhiti) me te porotaka (astigmatism) kia kitea ai te taurite pai rawa atu, me te whakatikatika i te tuaka o te astigmatism.
Te Tirotiro i ngā Mate Kanohi me te Aromatawai i te Mahi Tirohanga
Ehara i te mea ko te whakarato noa i ngā rongoā mō te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti te kaupapa o te ine kanohi ngaio. Kei roto hoki i tēnei ko ngā whakamātautau matua kāore e taea te whakahaere tuihono:
① Te whakamātautau kanohi tuatahi: Hei whakakore i ngā mate o te mata o te kanohi.
② Aromatawai mahi tirohanga: Aromatawai i ngā mahi tirohanga taumata-toru me ngā whakamātautau taunga me te huihuinga o ngā kanohi.
③ Te ergonomics o te whakauru mōhiti: Te honga pantoscopic, te tawhiti o te tihi, me te tūranga pokapū whatu.
Me whakatau ēnei hua o te whakamātautau kia taea ai te whakarite i ngā inenga me ngā whakaritenga whaiaro.
Ngā Raraunga e Pā Ana ki ngā Hua Whakauru
Ko ngā raraunga mō te whakauru mōhiti kanohi ipurangi e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā hapa tirohanga (te tirohanga tata, te tirohanga tawhiti) me te tawhiti o te kanohi, he mea nui tēnei mō te whakauru mōhiti. Heoi anō, he maha atu ngā raraunga ka pā ki ngā hua o te whakauru, pērā i te tūnga o te kanohi, te tūnga o te taringa, te tawhiti o te tihi, te honga o te kanohi, me te tūnga o te pokapū tirohanga.
Haunga ngā raraunga o runga ake nei, ahakoa te rahi o te anga, ka pā nui ki ngā hua o te taunga. Mā te mau i ngā mōhiti nui rawa ka puta he rerekētanga tae me ngā pānga prism. He pono rawa tēnei mō te hunga e titiro pōuri ana, nā te mea ka puta he matotoru o ngā taha o te arotahi i ngā anga nui rawa, ka kore e whai hua ngā arotahi teitei-taurangi, ā, ka nui ake ngā pānga prism, ka pōuri ai. Nō reira, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā anga, he mea nui kia whiriwhiria ngā anga me ngā tawhā e tika ana i runga i ngā hua o te whakamātautau mō te taunga me te taunga whakamātautau, kaua e aro noa ki te momo āhua.
Ngā Paerewa Kounga me ngā Whakarerekētanga Whai muri i te Whakaurunga
I roto i te tāutanga mōhiti ipurangi, ina tae mai ngā mōhiti ki te kaihoko, me whakaū te whakamarie o te mau, ā, me tirotiro anō te whakahaunga. Me whakatikatika ngā papa ihu, ngā rahinga, me ētahi atu mea, i runga i te kōrero kanohi ki te kanohi. Ahakoa te āhua māmā noa iho o ngā mōhiti, ahakoa he hapa iti noa iho, ka kore e pai te mau, ka whakararu i te kounga o te tirohanga. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga o ngā raraunga te whakanui ake i te ngenge o te tirohanga, me te whakararu ake i te koi o te tirohanga.
Hei Whakamutunga
Ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa te takirua mōhiti matatika i te tangata ki te mahi me te ako pai ake, engari ka whakarite hoki i te hauora o te tirohanga. He painga te whakauru mōhiti mata ipurangi pērā i te utu iti, ngā momo kāhua, me te tukanga māmā ake. Heoi, kaua rawa e wareware ki te kaupapa taketake o te whakauru mōhiti mata. Ko ngā mōhiti mata e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa hauora kanohi anake tā tātou e tino hiahia ana.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-15-2023