He mea whakamiharo ngā mōhiti kanohi kua huri i te oranga o te tini me te mano, ā, he hītori whai rawa, whakamīharo hoki tōna e horapa ana mō ngā rautau. Mai i ō rātou tīmatanga iti ki ngā auahatanga o ēnei rā, kia tīmata tātou i tētahi haerenga whānui i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā mōhiti kanohi.
Ngā Taketake o Mua
Ko ngā pūtake o ngā mōhiti kanohi ka taea te whai i ngā iwi onamata. I Rōma onamata, i te rautau tuatahi AD, i tuhia te whakamahinga o te karāhe whakanui hei whakarei ake i te tirohanga. Nā tēnei momo whakanui tuatahi i whakatakoto te turanga mō te whanaketanga o ngā mōhiti kanohi.
Te Pakaritanga o te Waenganui
I te wā o ngā tau waenga i tīmata ai te āhua o ngā mōhiti kanohi e mōhiotia nei e tātou i ēnei rā. I te rautau 13, i te mea ko tētahi mōneka Itari ko Salvino D'Armate te ingoa, nāna i tito te takirua mōhiti kanohi tuatahi e mau ai. Ko ēnei mōhiti tuatahi he mea tito mai i ngā karāhe kōpikopiko e rua e herea ana ki tētahi anga e tau ana ki te piriti o te ihu. I whakamahia tuatahitia ēnei mō te whakatika i te tirohanga tawhiti, he ngoikoretanga tirohanga noa.
Ngā Whakatairanga o te Renaissance
I te wā o te Renaissance, i kitea ngā whanaketanga nui i roto i te ao o ngā tirohanga me ngā mōhiti kanohi. I te rautau 16, i whakaurua mai ngā karāhe kōpiko hei whakatika i te tirohanga tata. Nā tēnei whanaketanga i taea ai e ngā tāngata whai momo hauātanga tirohanga te whai hua mai i ngā mōhiti kanohi.
I tēnei wā, i noho ko ngā mōhiti kanohi hei tohu ahua mō te hunga rangatira. Ko ngā anga i hangaia ki ngā konganuku utu nui, pērā i te koura me te hiriwa, he mea whakapaipai ki ngā hoahoa matatini, i noho hei tohu mō te taonga me te mana.
Te Huringa Ahumahi me te Hanga Papatipu
Nā te Huringa Ahumahi i te rautau 18 i huri te hanga mōhiti kanohi. Nā te taenga mai o ngā mīhini me ngā tikanga hanga papatipu, kua iti ake te utu mō ngā mōhiti kanohi, ā, kua ngāwari ake te uru atu ki te taupori whānui. Nā te whakaurunga o ngā anga maitai me te āheinga ki te hanga karāhe i ngā āhua me ngā rahi rerekē, i whānui ake ai ngā kōwhiringa e wātea ana ki ngā kaimau mōhiti kanohi.
Te Aranga Ake o te Optometry
I te rautau 19, i puta te mara o te ine kanohi, me te arotahi ki te pūtaiao o te whakatikatika tirohanga. He mahi nui tā ngā tākuta kanohi ki te whakarite me te tāuta i ngā mōhiti kanohi, me te whakarite kia whiwhi ngā tāngata i ngā karaihe e tika ana mō ō rātou hiahia tirohanga. Ko tēnei mahi ngaio o te tāutanga me te whakahaunga mōhiti kanohi he tohu nui i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā mōhiti kanohi.
Ngā Auahatanga Hou
I te rautau 20, he maha ngā auahatanga o ngā mōhiti kanohi i puta mai. I ngā tau tōmua o te rautau 1900, i hurihia te ahumahi e te whakaurunga o ngā anga kirihou. Nā ēnei anga mama, pakari hoki i whakakapi ngā anga whakarewa tuku iho, ā, he nui ake te whakamarie me ngā kōwhiringa kāhua.
I waenganui o te rautau 20, nā te whanaketanga o ngā karāhe arotahi matatau i taea ai te whakawhiti pai i waenga i ngā rohe tirohanga rerekē, ā, kāore i hiahiatia he maha ngā takirua mōhiti. Hei tāpiri, nā te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi karāhe arotahi matatau, pērā i te polycarbonate me ngā kirihou taupū teitei, i hua ake ai he karāhe arotahi angiangi me te māmā ake, ā, i whakarei ake i te whakamarie me te ataahua.
Ngā Karaehe Whakapā me te Pokanga Taiaho
I te haurua whakamutunga o te rautau 20 i kitea te pikinga ake o ngā tikanga whakatikatika tirohanga rerekē, pērā i ngā karāhe whakapā me te pokanga kanohi taiaho. He kōwhiringa kore-whakararuraru ngā karāhe whakapā mō te hunga e kore e hiahia ki te mau mōhiti kanohi. I tētahi atu taha, i whakaratohia e te pokanga kanohi taiaho he otinga pumau ake mō ngā raruraru tirohanga mā te whakahou i te āhua o te kornea.
Ahakoa te rongonui haere o ēnei momo rerekē, ko ngā mōhiti tirohanga te momo whakatikatika tirohanga tino whānuitia me te watea nā te ngāwari ki te whakamahi, te utu tika, me te kore e pokanoa.
Ngā Tūponotanga o te Ao kei te heke mai
I a tātou e titiro whakamua ana, kei te whanake tonu te umanga mōhiti kanohi. Kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o te hangarau ki roto i ngā mōhiti kanohi. Kei te whakawhanakehia ngā mōhiti atamai, he mea hanga ki ngā āheinga mooni whakanuia, hei whakarei ake i ō tātou oranga o ia rā, me ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakaaturanga mōhiohio wā-tūturu me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kore-ringa.
Mā ngā whanaketanga o te pūtaiao rauemi ka hua ake he anga māmā ake, he anga pakari ake hoki, ā, ka pai ake te mau mōhiti. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakamahinga o te nanotechnology ka taea te whakarite i ngā karaihe ka taea te whakarerekē aunoa ki ngā āhuatanga rama e huri haere ana, e whakarato ana i te tirohanga pai i ngā wā katoa.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te whanaketanga o ngā mōhiti kanohi he tohu i te auahatanga o te tangata me te hiahia ki te whakapai ake i ō tātou wheako tirohanga. Mai i ōna takenga mai o mua ki ngā whanaketanga o ēnei rā, kua roa te ahunga whakamua o ngā mōhiti kanohi. I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka taea e tātou te tumanako atu ki ētahi atu putanga hou ka whakarei ake i tō tātou tirohanga me te whakapai ake i te oranga o te miriona o te ao.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-03-2023