Te Whakamāramatanga o te Tohu Whakakore Arotahi
He tohu urupare tirohanga nui te "Defocus" ka taea te whakarerekē i te tauira tipu o te karu e whanake ana. Mēnā ka tukuna he whakaohooho defocus mā te mau i ngā karāhe arotahi i te wā e whanake ana te kanohi, ka whanake te kanohi ki te tūranga o te tohu defocus kia puta ai te emmetropia.
Hei tauira, ki te mauhia he karāhe kōpiko ki te kanohi e whanake ana hei whakakore i te arotahi kino (arā, kei muri i te retina te arotahi), kia tau ai te arotahi ki te retina, ka tere ake te tipu o te karu kanohi, ka whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o te myopia. Ki te mauhia he karāhe kōpiko, ka whiwhi te kanohi i te whakakorenga arotahi pai, ka puhoi te tere tipu o te karu kanohi, ā, ka whanake ki te hyperopia.
Te Tūranga o ngā Tohu Whakakore Arotahi
Kua kitea he mea nui te mahi a ngā tohu whakakore arotahi o te retina taha ki te whakahaere i te tipu me te whanaketanga o te karu kanohi, ina koa ka kore e ōrite ngā tohu tirohanga matua me te taha, ka kaha ake ngā tohu taha. Arā, he nui ake te pānga o ngā tohu whakakore arotahi taha ki te whakahaere i te emmetropization i te āhua whakakore arotahi matua!
E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau, ina mau ana i ngā mōhiti tirohanga kotahi, ka whakaahuahia te arotahi matua ki te retina, engari ko te arotahi taha ka whakaahuahia ki muri i te retina. Ka whiwhi te retina taha i tētahi tohu whakaiti arotahi hyperopic, ka puta ai te tipu o te tuaka kanohi, ka hohonu ake hoki te myopia.
Te hoahoa o ngā mōhiti whakakore arotahi
Kua hangaia, kua hangaia hoki ngā mōhiti whakakore-arotahi maha-ira i runga i te kaupapa o te whakakore-arotahi i te tirohanga whānui, kia taea ai e te ahua o te tirohanga whānui te taka ki mua i te retina. I tēnei wā, ka whakaroahia te tipu o te tuaka kanohi e ngā mōhiohio e tukuna ana ki te karu. Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he hononga pai tōna pānga whakahaere i te tirohanga whānui ki te roa o te mau, ā, e taunakihia ana kia mau mō te neke atu i te 12 hāora ia rā.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mō te whānui o te whatu kanohi ngaro, ko te ngaro o te tirohanga tawhiti o ngā whakaahua retina ka tere ake te tipu o te karu kanohi, ka roa ake te karu kanohi, ka whanake hoki te whatu kanohi ngaro. I tetahi atu taha, ko te ngaro o te tirohanga tata o ngā whakaahua retina ka whakaroa i te tipu o te karu kanohi. Ko te pūwāhi arotahi e taka ana ki mua o te retina nā te ngaro o te tirohanga tata ka taea te whakaroa i te tipu o te karu kanohi engari kāore e taea te whakapoto i te roa o te tuaka.
Mō ngā taiohi kāore e neke ake i te 24mm te roa o te tuaka kanohi, mā ngā mahi ārai me te whakahaere pai rawa atu mō te myopic defocus ka taea te whakarite kia noho noa te roa o te tuaka kanohi i te pakeketanga. Heoi, mō ngā tāngata he neke ake i te 24mm te roa o te tuaka kanohi, kāore e taea te whakapoto i te roa o te tuaka.
Ka hangaia e ngā hihi mārama mōkito-karehe i runga i ngā karāhe mōhiti he tohu mō te ngaro o te arotahi i roto i te kanohi, he mea nui ēnei hei whakaiti i te whanaketanga o te myopia. Heoi, ko te noho mai o ngā karāhe mōkito-karehe i runga i ngā karāhe kāore e kī taurangi i te whai huatanga; me mahi pai ngā karāhe mōkito-karehe i te tuatahi. Nō reira, ko te hangarau whakaputa me te tukatuka o ngā karāhe mōkito-karehe i runga i ngā karāhe ka whakamātautau hoki i te mahi toi me te hangarau o ngā kamupene hanga.
Te Hoahoa o ngā Arotahi-Maha-Arotahi
I te putanga mai o te "ariā whakakore arotahi," kua hangaia e ngā kaihanga arotahi nui ngā momo arotahi whakakore arotahi. I ngā tau e rua kua pahure ake nei, kua whakarewahia hoki ngā arotahi whakakore arotahi maha-arotahi. Ahakoa he arotahi whakakore arotahi maha-arotahi katoa ēnei, he rerekētanga nui kei roto i te hoahoa me te maha o ngā pūwāhi arotahi.
1. Te Māramatanga ki ngā Karāhe Moroiti
Ina mau ana i ngā mōhiti tirohanga kotahi, ka taea e te mārama e puta tika mai ana i tawhiti te taka ki te fovea, te wāhanga pokapū o te retina. Heoi, ko te mārama mai i te taha, i muri i te haere mā roto i te karāhe kotahi, kāore e tae ki te papa kotahi o te retina. Nā te mea he piko te retina, ka taka ngā whakaahua mai i te taha ki muri i te retina. I tēnei wā, he tino atamai te roro. Ina whiwhi i tēnei whakaohooho, ka neke ā-tinana te retina ki te whakaahua o te mea, ka akiaki i te karu kia tipu whakamuri, ka piki haere tonu te taumata o te myopia.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia:
1. Ko te mahi a te retina he tipu haere ki te taha o te ahua.
2. Ki te taka te ahua o te kornea o waenganui ki te tūranga o te retina, i te mea ka taka te ahua o te taha ki muri i te retina, ka pōuri te tirohanga tawhiti.
Ko te mahi a ngā karāhe moroiti he whakamahi i te kaupapa o te whakakotahi i te mārama me te karāhe pai kua tāpirihia ki te taha hei kukume i ngā whakaahua taha ki mua o te retina. Mā tēnei ka mārama te tirohanga pokapū, ā, ka taea hoki e ngā whakaahua taha te taka ki te taha o mua o te retina, ka hangaia he kukume ki te retina mō ngā kaupapa ārai me te whakahaere.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia:
1. Ahakoa he karāhe arotahi-ā-taha, he karāhe arotahi-maha rānei, ka kukumea e rāua ngā whakaahua ā-taha ki mua o te retina hei hanga i te arotahi-mō-te-taha, me te pupuri tonu i te tirohanga matua kia mārama.
2. Ka rerekē te pānga i runga i te nui o te whakakorenga o te arotahi o ngā whakaahua taha e taka ana ki mua o te retina.
2. Te Hoahoa o ngā Arotahi Poto-Kōpiko
I roto i te āhua o ngā karāhe arotahi-iti maha-arotahi, ka kitea e tātou he maha ngā pūwāhi arotahi-iti, he mea tito mai i ngā karāhe piko takitahi. Ina whakaarohia ngā tukanga hoahoa o nāianei, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā karāhe piko ki: ngā karāhe porowhita mana kotahi, ngā karāhe arotahi iti kore-iti, me ngā karāhe arotahi teitei kore-iti (me te rerekētanga nui o te mana i waenga i te pokapū me te taha).
1. Ka tutuki i te pānga whakaahua o ngā karāhe arotahi kore-iti-whakaiti teitei ngā tumanakohanga, ā, ka pai ake te whakahaere i te myopia.
2. Te pōuriuri o ngā "whakaahua" kāore i te arotahi: Ka hangaia e ngā karaihe teitei kāore i te whakaiti i te arotahi ngā hihi mārama kāore e arotahi, e wehe kē ana hoki. Mena he mārama rawa te tohu kei mua i te retina, ka taea te whiriwhiri hei tohu tirohanga matua mō te tirohanga tata, ka meinga ngā whakaahua e whai ake nei kia kore e arotahi mō te tirohanga tawhiti.
Ngā painga o te whakamahi i ngā karāhe arotahi kore-iti-whakaiti:
1. Ka uaua te whakaahua i te roro mā te kore e arotahi, kāore ngā tamariki e arotahi mā te whakamahi i ngā karāhe moroiti, engari ka whiriwhiri motuhake rātou ki te arotahi ki ngā wāhanga mārama i waenganui i te pokapū me te taha.
2. Te waihanga i tētahi tirohanga whānui me te matotoru e kore e arotahi, e hua ake ai he kaha ake te kukume me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakahaere i te tirohanga poto.
3. Ngā Tūponotanga o te Tirotiro me ngā Arotahi Poto-Kōpiko
Ko te āwangawanga nui mō ngā karāhe ārai i te myopia me ngā karāhe iti ko te aro pea o ngā tamariki ki ngā mea e whakamahi ana i ngā karāhe iti, ā, ka pā mai pea ēnei pānga kino:
1. Te whiriwhiri i te tirohanga tata hei tohu tirohanga matua
2. Te tirohanga pōuri o ngā mea
3. Ngā whakarerekētanga e pā ana ki te mau roa
4. Ka arahi ki ngā whakarerekētanga rerekē me te taurite honohono
5. Te whakahaere koretake o te myopia ina tiro ana ki ngā mea tata
Hei whakamutunga
I te mea kua piki haere te maha o ngā momo karaihe arotahi-iti-arotahi, he uaua te whiriwhiri i te mea tika. Ahakoa te hoahoa o te karaihe, ko te whāinga he hanga i tētahi ahua mārama ki runga i te retina, me te pupuri tonu i tētahi tohu arotahi-iti-arotahi pumau me te pumau i mua i te retina hei whakaroa i te haere whakamua o te myopia me te toronga axial o te kanohi. He mea nui te mahi toi, te hangarau, me te whakapūmautanga kounga o ngā karaihe arotahi-iti-arotahi maha. Ehara i te mea ko ngā karaihe kounga-kore anake e kore e whakaroa i te haere whakamua o te myopia me te toronga axial engari ko te mau roa ka pā ki ngā whakarerekētanga, ka arahi ki te taurite ōrite rerekē.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-21-2024