Te Ariā o te Ahotea
I te kōrero mō te ariā o te ahotea, me uru atu tātou ki te taumahatanga. Ko te ahotea e pā ana ki te kaha e puta ana i roto i tētahi mea hei ātete i te whakarerekētanga i raro i ngā kaha o waho. Ko te taumahatanga, i tētahi atu ringa, e pā ana ki ngā huringa whanaunga o te āhua me te rahi o tētahi mea i raro i ngā kaha o waho. Ko ēnei ariā e rua, hei tawhā nui mō te whakaahua me te ine i te whanonga me te mahi a ngā rauemi i raro i te ahotea, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te ao pūtaiao rauemi.
Te ahotea o te arotahi
I roto i te ao o te pūtaiao rauemi, he ariā nui te ahotea. Ko te hanga o ngā karāhe kapia he huarahi tono nui i tēnei ao, me te mōhiotanga e pā ana ki ngā rauemi karāhe. I ēnei rā, ko ngā karāhe matua kei te mākete he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi kapia. I te wā o te tukanga whakaputa, kāore e taea te karo i te whakaputanga o te ahotea i roto i ngā karāhe. Ko te mea nui ko te kore e taea te tautuhi i te pānga ahotea o ngā karāhe mā te kanohi tahanga, ā, ka taea anake te aroturuki pai mā te awhina o ngā taputapu whakamātautau whatu motuhake pēnei i te mita ahotea. I te wā o te tukanga whakaputa, ka whakaatuhia pea e ngā karāhe ngā momo āhuatanga ahotea ā-roto e rua: te ahotea aronga me te ahotea whakaheke. Ka taea e ēnei momo ahotea e rua te pā ki te kounga me te mahi o ngā karāhe, nō reira me aro nui.
① Te ahotea aronga
I te wā e hangaia ana ngā rauemi kapia, ka pāngia ngā mekameka ngota e te pēhanga teitei me ngā kaha kutikuti teitei, ka pāngia e ngā huringa nui. Nā te mea kua tio ngā mekameka ngota o te rauemi i roto i te āhua koretake me te whakangāwari i mua i te hokinga katoa ki tōna āhua tūturu, ka puta te ahotea aronga toenga. He tino kitea tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā rauemi PC.
Whakamārama Māmā:
He mea hanga te karāhe arotahi ki te rauemi kapia. I te wā e whakahāngaitia ana, ka kitea te kore ōrite o te whakawhiti mai i te karāhe arotahi wai ki te karāhe arotahi totoka, ā, ka puta he ahotea ā-roto. Ka puta tēnei ahotea ā-roto hei pēhanga mai i ngā wāhi he nui ake te kiato ki ngā wāhi he iti iho te kiato.
②Te ahotea whakaheke
I te wā e hangaia ana ngā rauemi kapia, i a rātou e whakawhiti ana mai i te rewa ki te whakamatao, ka pāngia pea ngā mekameka ngota ngota e te tohatoha kore ōrite o ngā pāmahana whakamatao nā te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te pakitara hua, o ngā awa wai whakamatao rānei. Nō reira, ka taea e tēnei rerekētanga pāmahana te arahi ki ngā taumata rerekē o te whakahekenga i ngā wāhi rerekē. Ko te rerekētanga o ngā tere whakahekenga i waenga i ngā wāhi rerekē ka hua ake he ahotea toenga nā ngā pānga o ngā kaha kume me te kutikuti.
Whakamārama Māmā:
I te wā e whakamatao ana te hanga karaihe, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te karaihe me tōna whanaungatanga ki ngā taputapu whakamatao o roto, hei tauira, te tere o te whakamatao i ētahi wāhi me te puhoi o te whakamatao i ētahi atu, ka arahi katoa ki te whakaputanga o te ahotea o roto.
Te Whakakorenga o te Taumahatanga o te Arotahi
1. Te Arotau i ngā Tikanga Whakaputa
Hei whakaiti i te ahotea o roto i te wā e hanga ana i te arotahi, ka arotau tonu ngā kaihanga arotahi me te whakapai ake i ngā tikanga whakaputa. I roto i te tukanga hanga arotahi, e toru ngā taahiraa whakamaroke pāmahana teitei mō te arotahi. Ko te tukanga whakamaroke tuatahi ka huri i te arotahi mai i te āhua wai ki te āhua totoka, ā, ka whakakorea te ahotea ā-roto i roto i te totoka. Ko te whāinga o ngā whakamaroke e rua e whai ake nei ko te whakakore i te ahotea o roto i ngā wā maha, kia tutuki ai te hanganga o roto tino ōrite o te arotahi.
2. Te Whakangāwari i te Taumahatanga o te Arotahi
E ai ki te whakamārama o te ture a Hooke i roto i te ahupūngao, i raro i ngā āhuatanga taumahatanga pumau, ka heke haere te ahotea i roto i te wā, he āhuatanga e mōhiotia ana ko te pihi whakangāwari ahotea. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko ngā pānga ahotea aronga me te whakaiti i puta i te wā o te tukanga hanga karāhe ka ngoikore haere i te mea ka piki ake te wā rokiroki o te karāhe i muri i te hanga. He hononga tata te wā whakangāwari o te ahotea karāhe ki te taumahatanga me te ahotea o waho. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, ka heke te ahotea i roto i te karāhe ki te iti rawa i muri i te toru marama pea i muri i te otinga o te hanga karāhe. Nō reira, i te nuinga o te wā, ka whakakorea te ahotea o roto i te karāhe i muri i tana wehenga atu i te wheketere.
Te Whakaputa i te Taumahatanga i roto i ngā Mōhiti Tirotiro
I runga i te māramatanga ki te ahotea o te arotahi, e mōhio ana tātou he iti noa te pānga o te ahotea ki ngā hua arotahi takitahi, ā, ka taea te kī he iti noa iho. Nō reira, i roto i te paerewa ā-motu mō ngā arotahi i Haina, kāore ngā tawhā ahotea i whakaurua ki ngā paearu mō te tohu. Nō reira, he aha te pūtake o te ahotea o ngā mōhiti? He hononga tata tēnei ki te hangarau tukanga o te whakarite mōhiti ritenga.
I roto i ngā toa hokohoko mōhiti, i te wā e tāuta ana i te karāhe whenua ki roto i te anga, ka hurihia e te tohunga tirohanga te karāhe kia paku nui ake i te rahi e hiahiatia ana kia kore ai e tino wetekina te karāhe, kia ngāwari ai te wetewete mai i te anga. Mā tēnei ka mau te karāhe ina herea ki te anga mā ngā tīwiri, kia kore ai e paheke. Heoi, mā tēnei mahi ka nui ake te taumahatanga o te karāhe, ka kore ai e pai te mau ina mau. Mā te rahi rawa o te karāhe, te whakawhāiti rawa rānei o ngā tīwiri anga ka puta he koretake o te mata o te karāhe, ka puta he ngaru rite ki te ngaru, ā, ka pā ki te kounga o te whakaahua.
Te Āhuatanga o te Whakatupunga o te Taumahatanga o ngā Mōhiti
1. Te āputa rua
Nā te rahi o te hurihanga o te karāhe arotahi, mā te whakawhāiti i te wā o te huihuinga ka pēhia te taha o te karāhe arotahi, ka piki ake te mātotoru. Ka whakarerekētia e tēnei huringa mātotoru te taupū whakaata taketake o te karāhe arotahi, ā, ka puta te "birefringence" i roto i te karāhe arotahi.
2. Piko
Te Marara I te wā e huihui ana ngā mōhiti, ki te iti rawa te rahi, ka pēhia te arotahi, ka hua ake ngā "kiki" o te mata, ā, ka puta te marara piko o te arotahi.
Ina pāngia e ēnei raruraru, ka taea e tātou te tango i te arotahi mai i te anga hei whakarerekē i te āhua pēhi o te arotahi. He whakarerekētanga ahotea rangitahi tēnei whakarerekētanga, ā, i muri i te tangohanga o te kaha o waho, ka taea te whakamama, te whakaora rānei i te āhua o te arotahi. Heoi, he mea tika kia mōhiotia mēnā he huringa ahotea ā-roto mō te wā roa i puta mai i te pēhanga o waho, ahakoa ka wetewetehia te arotahi me te whakakotahi anō, kāore e taea te kī ka whakahokia te arotahi ki tōna āhua taketake. I tēnei wā, ko te kōwhiringa anake ko te whiriwhiri ki te whakarite i tētahi arotahi hou.
He nui ake te pānga o te ahotea arotahi ki ngā mōhiti anga-katoa, ā, ki ngā mōhiti kāore he awhi, ka puta anō hoki mēnā he tino kikī te waea awhi. Ko tēnei momo āhuatanga ka puta i te taha o te arotahi, ā, he iti noa te pānga o te ahotea iti ki te kounga tirohanga, ā, kāore e kitea wawetia. Heoi, ki te nui rawa te ahotea, ka pā ki te rohe whatu pokapū, ka pōuri te tirohanga me te ngenge o te tirohanga, inā koa i te titiro ki te taha, i te wā rānei e matawai ana.
Nā te mea ko te taumahatanga o ngā mōhiti tirohanga e puta mai ana i te pēhanga o te anga, he pai ake te mahi a ngā mōhiti kore-anga ki te whakaiti i te taumahatanga.
Tikanga Whakamātautau-ā-Whaiaro mō te Taumahatanga o ngā Mōhiti
I muri i te pānga o ngā kaha o waho, ka puta he tauira ahotea rerekē i ngā karu o ngā rauemi rerekē nā te rerekētanga o te kiato, te pakeke, me te hanganga o roto. Heoi, ka puta pea ngā āhuatanga ahotea ahakoa te rauemi. Anei tētahi whakataki poto ki tētahi tikanga whakamātautau ahotea. Ko ngā taputapu e hiahiatia ana he mata tirotiro rorohiko me ngā karu porowhita.
Tikanga whakahaere:
1. Tīmatahia te rorohiko, ka whakatuwhera i tētahi tuhinga Word pātea. (Ko te whakamātautau ahotea me whakamahi i te mārama porowhita, ā, ko te mata rorohiko tētahi o ngā pūtake noa o te mārama whakamātautau ahotea.)
2. Whakatakotoria ngā mōhiti ki mua i te mata rorohiko, ka āta tirotiro mēnā he āhuatanga rerekē kei te kitea.
3. Whakamahia ngā karāhe porowhita (ko ētahi o ngā kōwhiringa ko ngā mōhiti kanohi porowhita, ngā topenga karāhe porowhita, me ngā karāhe kiriata 3D) hei tirotiro i ngā tauira ahotea i runga i ngā karāhe o ngā karāhe me te mata rorohiko.
Ka taea e ngā karāhe porowhita te whakaatu i te hē o te tirohanga i te taha o te karāhe, koinei te whakaaturanga o ngā tauira ahotea. Ko te tohatoha o te ahotea i runga i ngā karāhe ka puta ko ngā pūwāhi ahotea me ngā mara ahotea, ā, he hononga tata te nui o ngā tauira ahotea ki te pānga ahotea o ngā karāhe. Mā te tātari i te tohatoha o ngā tauira ahotea, ka taea e tātou te whakatau ngāwari i te ahunga o te pēhanga me te nui o te taumahatanga kua pā ki te karāhe i te wā o te huihuinga.
I te tirotiro, kei te mau tonu te karāhe taketake i mua i te huihuinga i tētahi taumata ahotea, ahakoa te korenga o ngā kaha o waho. Nā ngā kaha kore taurite pēnei i te pēhanga me te whakaheke i te wā o te tukanga whakaputa tēnei, ka hua ake he ahotea ā-roto. He mea tika kia mōhiotia he uaua ki te karo i te aroaro o te ahotea ā-roto i roto i ngā mōhiti, ā, he pai te iti, te iti rānei o ngā tauira ahotea. I taua wā anō, kaua ngā tauira ahotea e tohatoha ki te pokapū whatu o te karāhe kia kore ai e pā ki te kounga tirohanga.
Hei Whakamutunga
Ka pā pea ngā pānga ahotea o ngā mōhiti ki te kounga o te tirohanga, pērā i te kore whakamarie i te wā e mau ana, me te marara haere i te tirohanga taha. Heoi, me mārama tātou he uaua ki te karo i te āhua ahotea o ngā mōhiti, ā, mena kei roto i te awhe whaitake, tata kore te pānga ki te tirohanga. Ka whai hua ngā karaihe ritenga i te hangarau mīhini hurihuri, ka iti ake te āhua ahotea, ā, kua noho hei hua matua i te mākete mōhiti utu nui.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-12-2024